Bye-Bye, Bear Market. For Now, Signs Point to More Buying.

The S&P 500 now is down a relatively modest 10.2% for the year, having recouped more than 50% of its losses since its mid-June low. The index topped 4232 on Friday, a 50% retracement of the bear move, before closing at 4280.15.

The
Dow Jones Industrial Average
is off just 7%, helped by rallies in
Chevron
(ticker: CVX) and defensive stocks such as
Merck
(MRK),
Amgen
(AMGN), and
Coca-Cola
(KO).

The
Nasdaq
is still down 16.6% in 2022 but has rallied more than 20% from its June low, and speculative stocks are stirring. A bellwether of such is Cathie Wood’s
ARK Innovation
exchange-traded fund (ARKK), whose largest holdings include
Tesla
(TSLA) and
Roku
(ROKU). The fund has risen about 40% since mid-June.

The big debate is whether the rally is over. Skeptics say that inflation isn’t contained, due in part to labor pressures, and that the Federal Reserve will continue to lift short-term rates aggressively. The CME’s FedWatch tool sees the key federal-funds rate peaking at 3.5% to 3.75% by year end, up from 2.25% to 2.5% now.

Jim Paulsen, chief investment strategist at the Leuthold Group, told Barron’s a month ago that “we could be setting ourselves up for a pretty good rally.” Back then, the S&P 500 was almost 10% below current levels. Reached this past week, he remains upbeat. Paulsen was bullish in early July because he thought the Fed would show restraint after its July rate hike. He now says the markets could be “on the brink of a new easing cycle.”

Paulsen sees the Fed boosting rates for the rest of the year by less than markets anticipate. He points to such recent accommodative factors as a weaker dollar, lower mortgage rates, and strength in the junk-bond market. “As a stock investor, do you want to miss the start of a new easing cycle?” he asks.

Tom Lee, head of research at Fundstrat, also is bullish. He points to the widespread skepticism about the rally and bullish technical factors such as a rising ratio of advancing stocks to decliners and the outperformance lately of small-cap stocks.

For much of this year, the consensus view regarding the November elections has been that the Republicans would make decisive gains in the House of Representatives and take control of the chamber, while possibly also winning control of the Senate. But that scenario is looking less likely, according to veteran political observer Greg Valliere, the chief U.S. policy strategist at AGF Investments.

The Democrats are benefiting from lower gas prices and a possible peak in inflation, backlash from the Supreme Court’s abortion decision, and some weak Republican Senate candidates. Valliere wrote on Friday that most Washington political analysts had predicted a “wave election”—as in a tidal wave of wins for the GOP. He wasn’t among them, and added that “we now think Democrats can hang on to the Senate, with Republicans narrowly regaining control of the House.”

Write to Andrew Bary at andrew.bary@barrons.com